Health disparities can be introduced when care is delivered by a staff member who does what?

• A. Speaks only English with a patient who primarily speaks another language
• B. Uses interpreters appropriately
• C. Provides translation for all patients
• D. Has cultural sensitivity training

Answer: (A)

Language differences create a gap in information exchange. When care is delivered by someone who speaks only English to a patient who primarily speaks another language, critical medical information—diagnosis, instructions, consent—may not be accurately conveyed. Misunderstandings can lead to incorrect medications, missed follow-ups, non-adherence, and unsafe care, all contributing to health disparities. Using interpreters ensures accurate translation and allows patients to participate in decisions; translating materials for all patients broadens access to information; cultural sensitivity training helps staff recognize and bridge cultural beliefs about illness, pain expression, and treatment preferences, which further reduces disparities. Choosing to communicate without language support is what drives the disparity, while language support and cross-cultural awareness help close it.